Dysbiosis of fecal microbiota and high frequency of citrobacter, klebsiella spp., and actinomycetes in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and gastroenteritis

Aim: This study was aimed to characterize putative differences of fecal microbiota between irritable bowel syndrome[IBS] and gastroenteritis patients and healthy controls

Background: New evidence proposed that gut microbiota has a deep effect on the balance between health and disease

Patients and methods: The presence of Clostridium difficile, Campylobacter spp., Enterobacteriacea and Staphylococci weredetected in the samples using selective and specific culture media. Microscopic examination of the samples was done to detectActinomycetes, yeasts, Bifidobacteria, Fusobacterium spp., as well as white blood cells, red blood cells, mucus and epithelial cells

Results: Results of this study showed relatively higher frequency of Citrobacter spp., Lactobacilli, and Actinomycetes in theIBS patients. Elevated levels of WBC, RBC secretion, and increased amounts of Klebsiella, Escherichia coli and Citrobacterspp. were characterized in the patients with gastroenteritis compared with the control group

Conclusion: Depletion of gram positive cocci and gram negative bacilli also suggested dysbiosis of intestinal microbiotain these patients

Genetic profile variation in vaccine strains and clinical isolates of bordetella pertussis recovered from Iranian patients

Re-emergence of pertussis has been reported in Iran despite a high rate of vaccination coverage. Low efficacy of the vaccine might be due to the genetic divergence between Clinical versus vaccine strains. In the current study, the genetic profiles of Clinical isolates and vaccine strains of Bordetella pertussis [B. pertussis] were assessed by using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis [PFGE]. Following phenotypic and molecular identification of isolates, XbaIdigested genomic DNA of 5 Clinical isolates, 2 vaccine strains and a Tohama I strain were analyzed by PFGE along with B. parapertussis as a control. Seven distinct PFGE profiles were found among all examined isolates/strains. In 5 Clinical isolates, 4 profiles were identified whereas the vaccine strains displayed 2 distinct profiles. The reference strain, Tohama I had a distinct profile. Vaccine and Clinical profiles had low similarity, with relatedness of approximately 40%. The genetic profiles of B. pertussis were different between circulating isolates and vaccine strains used in the national vaccination programs. Since new genetic profiles of B. pertussis can be disseminated periodically, the profiles of isolates circulating in the population should be monitored over the course of the re-emergence